The spine, like any structure that plays a supporting role, inevitably wears out over time. High static and dynamic loads and local overloads of the especially mobile upper section segments lead to a decrease in regenerative capacities and gradual degeneration of nearby cartilaginous and musculoskeletal structures. By age 30-35, almost everyone has signs of cervical osteochondrosis to a greater or lesser degree. And while it is impossible to stop the irreversible process of biological aging, it is perfectly possible to slow it down.
Diagnosis
For an objective assessment of the condition and detection of degenerative dystrophic changes in the cervical spine, radiation imaging methods are used:
- simple spondylography (non-contrast X-ray study in frontal, lateral and oblique projections)
- radiography with functional tests
- MSCT (multislice computed tomography)
- magnetic resonance
- Spondylogram for examining the upper spine is a traditional method of radiological diagnosis of cervical osteochondrosis. With his help, the state of the vertebral bodies is evaluated, their shape, height, degree of deformation and displacement in relation to each other are determined. In X-ray images, osteophytes, areas of illumination in liquefaction foci of bone tissue are visualized.
- Spondylogram with functional tests is a study that aims to identify signs of movement disorders. The radiography is performed with maximum fixed flexion and extension of the cervical spine.
- MSCT is a progressive alternative to X-rays. Bone structures, intervertebral discs, ligamentous apparatus, spinal canal and spinal cord are visualized in more detail in multilayer images.
- Magnetic resonance imaging allows additional visualization of the cartilage layer and other soft tissue of the vertebral joints. The study is prescribed for severe neurological symptoms to differentiate cervical osteochondrosis from acute intervertebral hernia.
Treatment of cervical osteochondrosis
The treatment of osteochondrosis of the cervical spine aims to eliminate pain and delay the progression of the pathological process. It is carried out in two directions: limiting the impact of unfavorable factors and suppressing disease development mechanisms.
Therapeutic and prophylactic measures that minimize the impact of causative agents include:
- rational selection of work furniture
- use of orthopedic mattresses and pillows
- hearing, vision and posture correction
- using special fixtures
- restriction of work activities associated with a long stay in a forced situation
- proper physical activity
- proper nutrition
There are many different methods of therapeutic correction designed to delay the development of the degenerative process.
Massage for cervical osteochondrosis
Massage procedures aimed at relieving inflammation and eliminating pain are part of the complex of mandatory therapeutic measures. The most effective types of collar massage:
- classic
- doctor (manual)
- point (acupuncture)
- vacuum (canned)
- hardware
Thanks to massage techniques, local blood and lymph circulation is increased, tissue trophism is accelerated, muscle clamps are eliminated, neck tension is relieved, muscle tone and elasticity are improved.
Orthopedic collars
To secure the cervical spine in the correct position, special orthopedic devices (Sant collars) are used. Removable structures of various sizes, shapes and degrees of rigidity limit the usual pathological position of the head, control movement in the neck, reduce pressure on spinal segments, warm and relax tense muscles, and prevent disease progression.
The osteochondrosis cervical collar is available in several modifications:
Soft splint made of medical foamor other porous hypoallergenic materials have a notch for the chin and lower neck surfaces and retainers. They are used to correct minor disorders in the upper spine, keep the vertebrae in anatomically correct position, and relax the muscles in the shoulder girdle.
Pneumatic collars (inflatable)they are intended for pain prevention, gentle traction, and elimination of vertebral artery compression.
semi-rigid bandagesequipped with metal inserts reliably stabilize the intervertebral segments. They significantly limit range of motion and contribute to the expansion of gaps between the vertebral bodies.
Rigid corsets made of durable plasticdesigned to completely immobilize the cervical spine in a neutral position. Prescribed in the late stages of the disease, accompanied by compression disorders.
The collar for osteochondrosis of the cervical spine is selected by the physician taking into account age, anatomical characteristics and stage of the degenerative process.
Manual therapy
Manual therapy aims to identify and eliminate blockages in the motor segments. A local dosed effect on the vertebral joints helps to normalize blood flow and blood supply to the brain, eliminate compression (pinch) and restore normal nerve fiber function. The chiropractor's specific manipulations allow you to achieve maximum relaxation, eliminate muscle spasms, cervicogenic headache due to damage to the anatomical structures of the neck, and tension headache.
Acupuncture
Acupuncture, involving the installation of acupuncture needles at bioactive points in the neck and shoulder blades, aims to restore the disturbed energy balance. By stimulating the rapid contractions of sensitive nerve fibers and the release of endorphins and neurotransmitters, acupuncture for cervical osteochondrosis has a powerful anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect. Thanks to this technique, numbness in the hands, dizziness, tinnitus, improves blood flow and optimizes mobility.
Physiotherapy
Physiotherapy for spinal degenerative pathologies aims to relieve pain and stimulate recovery processes. The greatest therapeutic effect is provided by:
- UFO
- ultrasound treatment
Common questions
How to provide assistance in acute pain with osteochondrosis of the lumbar spine?
In case of sudden acute pain, it is necessary to correct the lower back. This will immobilize the spasmodic muscles and shift their load. Then, if possible, place the patient on their back, placing a pillow under the bent knees. To reduce pain, you should take a drug with analgesic and anti-inflammatory effect (NSAID). In addition, you can use an ointment or gel based on diclofenac or its analogues, or apply a cold compress (no more than 10 minutes). It is very important to eliminate stress on the spine and see a doctor as soon as possible.
Is it possible to do physical exercise for lumbar osteochondrosis?
Physical education for lumbar osteochondrosis is not only not prohibited but also recommended (with the exception of a period of acute pain). However, you must be careful not to allow axial load on the spine and categorically refuse to squat, jump, and lift weights. The set of exercises must be selected individually by an expert.